Briefly introduce the application of distillation column in petrochemical industry

Application in petrochemical industry
process
First, determine a plan. When determining the specific device process, it is necessary to pay attention to the three-stage vaporization method used in the whole process, so as to realize the rational setting of the initial distillation column, the atmospheric pressure column and the vacuum column.
Second, determine the number of vaporization stages. Comprehensive reference to the corresponding characteristics of the crude oil of this enterprise, it is recommended to use the initial distillation column equipment, which is designed to better adapt to changes in various types of conditions. Among the crude oil materials, the high-boiling fraction with a temperature above 350 degrees Celsius can be regarded as the main raw material for catalytic cracking, distillate lubricating oil and hydrocracking and other corresponding equipment. After the analysis of the above reasons, it is necessary to implement the effective setting of the decompression tower equipment.
Third, choose a heat exchange strategy. Combined with the actual refining situation and relevant experience of the enterprise, and various factors, the corresponding process content can be roughly obtained. Dehydration and desalination measures are taken for crude oil at 40 to 50 degrees Celsius, and then the heat exchange is completed in two ways; the gasoline components at the top of the tower are condensed and cooled, some of which will enter the top of the tower and play a good reflux role, and the other part It is output by the device after continuing to cool down. It should be noted here that whether the atmospheric distillation should use a two-stage vaporization process should comprehensively analyze the relevant factors according to the specific conditions. If the crude oil contains a lot of light fractions, the temperature of the crude oil will rise after a series of heat exchange The vaporization of the fraction will cause the pressure of the pipeline to drop. As a result, the outlet pressure of the crude oil pump will increase, and the pressure-resistant capacity of the heat exchanger should also increase.
energy saving measures
Generally speaking, oil refineries can be described as production entities with huge energy consumption, and atmospheric and vacuum distillation units are the most prominently used equipment. Therefore, fully realizing the optimal use of energy and minimizing the energy consumption of the device as much as possible have become the key issues in the production design process, and reasonable energy-saving measures should be adopted for this purpose. First, to optimize and improve the process process, the atmospheric and vacuum distillation equipment is recommended to use the primary distillation column process, which aims to effectively reduce the load of the heating furnace; in order to fully reduce the cooling load, it is required to use a two-stage condensation reflux process at the top of the atmospheric column; The circulating reflux of the pressure tower can optimize the heat exchange temperature of the heat flow, reduce the condensation cooling load at the top of the tower as much as possible, and then improve the heat recovery rate corresponding to the equipment. Second, optimize the operation of the heating furnace equipment to improve the use efficiency as much as possible; implement the recycling and utilization of the generated low-temperature waste heat; select a new type of heat exchange equipment to fully improve the actual heat exchange efficiency; Reduce overall consumption.